Bone Marrow Cancer: Diagnosis, Treatment and Progression

What is Bone Marrow Cancer?

Bone marrow cancer is a type of cancer that occurs when blood cells in the bone marrow grow uncontrollably. Bone marrow produces blood cells such as red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets. Cancerous cells can disrupt this process and cause various health problems in the body.

Symptoms of Bone Marrow Cancer

• Weakness and Fatigue: Constantly feeling tired due to low red blood cell levels.
• Bone Pain: Pain felt especially in the back, hips and ribs.
• Weight Loss and Loss of Appetite: Sudden weight loss due to metabolism being affected.
• Recurrent Infections: Frequent illness due to weakened immune system.
• Easy Bruising and Bleeding: Bruising even with minor blows due to low platelet levels.

Diagnosis of Bone Marrow Cancer

• Blood Tests: Complete blood count (CBC) and biochemical analysis to detect abnormal cells.
• Bone Marrow Biopsy: Detection of cancer cells with a sample taken from the bone marrow.
• Imaging Techniques: Determination of the spread of cancer with MRI, CT and PET scans.
• Genetic Tests: Analysis of genetic mutations to create a personalized treatment plan.

Types of Bone Marrow Cancer

• Multiple Myeloma: A type that occurs with uncontrolled growth of plasma cells.
• Lymphoma: Cancerous white blood cells called lymphocytes.
• Leukemia: Excessive production of abnormal white blood cells in the bone marrow production.

Bone Marrow Cancer Treatment Methods

• Chemotherapy: Drug treatment to kill cancer cells.
• Radiotherapy: Destroying tumor cells with high-energy rays.
• Bone Marrow Transplant: Transplanting healthy stem cells.
• Immunotherapy: Strengthening the immune system against cancer.
• Targeted Therapies: Use of drugs specific to cancer cells.

New Developments in Bone Marrow Cancer

• Targeted Therapies: More effective treatment options are being developed with drugs specific to cancer cells.
• Gene Therapy: Research continues on changing the genetic structure of cancer cells.
• Immunotherapy Becoming Widespread: New developments are being made in treatments that support the immune system.

Bone Marrow Cancer Awareness and Prevention

• Early Diagnosis: It is important to recognize the symptoms and have regular health checks.
• Healthy Lifestyle: Balanced diet, regular exercise, and avoiding smoking and alcohol consumption.
• Genetic Tests: It is recommended that individuals with a family history of bone marrow cancer get tested early.

Conclusion

Bone marrow cancer is a disease that can be managed with early diagnosis and correct treatment methods. Current research offers new treatment methods to increase the quality of life of patients. It is possible to prevent the disease with regular health checks and a conscious lifestyle.